Improvement in locks for doors



3 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. S. SHEPARDSON.

LocKs Fon Doons, sw. No. 171,873. ratentea Jan.4,1e7e.

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MPETERS. PHDTO-LITHOGRPHER. WASHINGON. C! C.

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N. PETERS. PNOTO-LITHDGRAP LocKs Fon nouns, an. No.171,873. ,Patented Jan. 4, 1876. Y

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N.PETERS. PNOTO-LITMOGRAFHER. WASMKNGTON D C UNITED STATES PATENT @EFI-0E.

HENRY s. vsHEPAEDsoN, OF5 sEELBUEr-IE FALLS, MAssAoHUsETTs.-Yl

IMPRovElviENT IN LocKs FQRYDo'o/Rs', ac. l

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No; ll-7L-7`h-dated January 4, 1376; application. ile'd October 13, 1875. l v

CASE B;

To all whom it may concern:

1Be it known that I, HENRY SKSHEPARD- SON, of Shelburne Falls, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relatesto that class of locks in which the bolt is moved and held by means ot' fa rotary cylindrical barrel mounted in a iiXed sleeve, and provided with a transverse Io'ckingbar, and with sliding tumblers, which are arranged in a sliding box, and operated by' the end of a at key, which latter also ro'-l tates the barrel.

The iirst improvement relates to the manner' of connecting the bolt and the rotary barrel and consists in providingthe holt with a notch and two circular grooves, and the barrel with a stud and rib to engage therein, as hereinafter explained.

The second improvement consists inA combining with the sliding tumblerbox a transversely-sliding bar arranged to engage with the gated tumblers and throw theml out of line after the movement of the bolt.

The third improvement relates to an arrangement to prevent access to the tuinblers at certain times; and consists in a plate pivoted in the barrel and operated by a cam in the surrounding` sleeve in such a manner as to close the key-hole below the tumblers. I

Figure 1 is an inside face View ot my lock; Fig. 2, a longitudinal central section through the body ot' thelock with the key inserted, but not turned; Fig. 3, a similar View with the parts in thepositions which they occupy` during the movement of the bolt; Fig. 4, a similar view during the restoration of the tumblers after the movement o't' the bolt; Figs; 5, 6,.7, and 8, views showing the sliding tumblers andthe sliding box in which they are mounted; Fig. 9, a development or plane-projection of the interior surface ot' the sleeve in which the rotary barrel is mounted, showing` the cams and canngrooves by which, the cut oi' plate, locking-bar, restoring-bar, and tumbler-box are operated; Fig. 10, a side view of the rotary barrel or hub and its attendant parts removed from the lock; Fig. 11, a Vperspective view of the same, cut in two at the line maa'showing the arrangement of thecut oft', and locking-bar, and tumblereboxyFig. 12, a cross-section through thel body ot' the lock, withthe locking-bar in position to -prevent the barrel from throwing the bolt;` Fig.

` 13, a cross-section through the iippenefiid of the lock-body, with the restoring-bar in position to act upon 'the' tumbler-s; Fig. 14, asimi!V lar view, with the restoring-bar thrownback clear of the tumblers; Fig. 15, a t'ace vie-w of the bolt and the rotaryoperatin g barrel; Fig. 16, a perspective view ot' said parts separated in order to show'themfmore clearly; Fig. L7, A a perspective view of the' bar by which, 'the rotary barrel is locked.; Fig. 1S, a crosssection, showingthe action ot' thev barrel on the bolt. A Y

A represents the.bodyplate of' the lock,

. having on its inner facea rigid thimble, a, inv which there is iirmly secured a sleeve orsliell, B, contai ning' the rotary barrel or hubv C, which serves to operate the sliding bolt D, the inner end of which latter is seated in a notch inthe thimble a, and arranged to slide past the end kof the barrel, as shown in Figs. 1, 15, and'l. ,The lnanner in which the rotary barrel and the sliding bolt are connected is clearly represented in Figs. 15, 16, and 18, in which it will be seen that theend ofthe barrel is pro-V vided with a stud, b, on one side, and a concentric rib, d, on the other, and that the bolt is provided with av notch, c, and two curved grooves.,- e, on opposite sides thereof, so that when 'the parts are i-n positionthe rotation ot' the barrel causes the stud and the rib to engage alternatelyT with the bolt, the stud entering the notch and moving the bolt forward or backward, and then, disengaging, while the rib enters one or the other ofthe grooves and locks the bolt in position. By the peculiar construction and arrangeinentot the parts the bolt is moved with an easy and positive motion 5 and in case ofthe bolt being subjected to a backward pressure, it exerts iro-tendency to turn the barrel, or'to affect the internalr holt by means of' lsliding bolt or bnr, E,

`. inennfted` tranisverselyin.the barrel orrhnb,

nndengaging :1t oneend aghi st shoulders g,

s tioneryfisleeve" of` n lengthgreeter than the" dinneter ot' the `inn-rel` andhasthe end which ebuts'y against f the shoulders made square, and provided with H an arm extending;l :lcrosssthel face ot'` `tlieltn1`n-1 blersF, which are mounted in e sliding box,V

G, seated in nl longitndinal 'grooye or recess in the sides oi' the hnrrel,.zis shownnr Figs.V

2, 3,1i1, &c., so that when the tnnlblersme gated the zirnr-ot' the burr E cnn drop therein,

Mot thebal'r to clear the` shonldersg,`arnd"per` :hitting the "barrel toro'tnte and throw the holt ilr either direction. This movement of ftliebnr Einward clearofthe shoulders g' is` caused, the instant tht thetuylnblers arefadjnsted to permit it,byin`eenls`"of espiral spring,"

` y', molintedinthe barrel,nfdpressing against istndon the "nnder side Lofth e e e e fclezirlyshown'1 infFig. 12. "After-"the bolt. has beenjthrown :byv the rotation of the bnrrel.,andmtheber E p has moved]outwardtoiloekthe` brljehihe tlilnhlers are thrown ont ot' 1in`e,"in order` to i toA elease thefbarrelQ Thezrrran'gemenijfor thus' throwing the tnm'blers ont otline or ref storing them, as it is technically termed, forms the secomibf Vmy improvements; llhetnment the barEi'roin being Azt'gtiinf moved blersnre, as alreadylstalted,`erranged to slide i e inra, "sliding bolx,`lG"." @bisher/emits onfo'n(iside` a stud or pin, which enters "a; -`groove, k, formed around the `inside ofthe sleeveor tube B, so that as the barrer or hnb isrotzttedthe` box Gis movedl lengthwisetherein, cetrying` the entire series of tnmblers"npfanddown,

` `wi thont, however, changing their positions ,in

relatio11`tofeach other. The ,key-,hole gade-ptr .4

'ed to receiveafefkywith l its `bitson the end, is made lengthwise inthe fcenterofthe"` barrel, by the side ofthe sliding tumblerfbox,`

I -as shown in Figs. 2,3, Lend 1l, the ',"enlsof the tumblers projeotingfaoross the keylrole,`

" so as to be moved inward as "thekey `is "pn'shed `against them. The cam-fgrofe bywhiolnthe` boxfof tumblers is j moiietlsf so shaped end the otherparts are solarrangedthatwhen.the

` barrel is in position toiadmitthe'key thefhoxi i ot"tumblers is moyednpolose to;tliefrontiendl,"`

"ofthe barrel` e ,i e e,

When `the key isjfin'serted,itsends `gente the tunlblers, or, in other words,"`set "them, in

the 'proper relative positionto each other,thej

tmblers, however, remeining toofar forward p moped, andfthe the bm'1 `is mowed to perinitthe movementof the bnrE endwise. 1 When, however, the `key isdtnrned, `and the;` barrel C `tldierebyrotated,ifthegc'enr@groove 'erd [inf` "til thenoteliesn themtnrnblers `are opposite thearln ot' "the bar`pE,wherenpon,thespirhl.. spring throws theflbitrhendwise,iemihg the M barrel free tokturn nntiliitsgrib `d disengages froinfthebolgl and'thejstndbinovcs thesalne i forward or r backward, as the case may be.

After the movement,ofthe,boit is completed, Aind "the"`ba.rl1iis lygainwlockeiha continuing `rotation of` the barrel causes thetuflnbleibox;` `to ,slide forward and thenbztokward ag-Limi 1 the latter movement being .for `the pufrpose of `carrying"theends,of the tumblers agziinst restoring-ber,lby which they are moved `so es;`

to throwtheir notchesgont ofiline. .p

H represents this fr.` storingLht", mounted i i transversely inthe innerte'ndof.tlieflhirrel,(3,1` i Y und `movedto andfro thereinbyfitsendsbearfl fing again fftbe .Sie

tninblersiforward" nr` the` bornand throwing l their notches, `Whioh are tlit'erentdistalnces `from thewends, `ontlof line, `iinvi'hiclr positiong` they reinnininit'il ithejbox egainceijries thenr` forward to beected npon: ,by` the key. v

The` third fe'atiijre of.` myiinventionfi werd the point etwhich they `release the locklingbr E, 1 Annrin',1o`, :isforrned `on the edge` the cnt-off, ,nILcem-surfeces p formed on" e theinteiior ofthe shell orsleeye Bas in Fig.` "9, for thelpurposeof,actingonwsaidgzirm `as the barrel, rotates, and thereby forcing `the i cut-"off itlwztrfl,l i A spiral spring isalso` mountfedfwithinfthe barrel forthe purpose off-forcing "the` cutof oitwztrd "es'fitis releasedfby'the cam. Y y ,l The arrangementiof thefpartsislsnch that the key-hole` is, entirely ,closedV belowthe tum-` i blerstheinomentthatithelbarrel begins to" move, effectual] y Yshutting oli'` commnnioation .j between the key-holeandtheinovingpitrts ofq e fmka'sbeinglriff `virt` l the restoring-,her `s ndsiinthepositioirshown e,

Fig.fl4.,`elnd permitsthegtnnblersito `,slide with the box G.; `but`a.ftert efholthesibeen b1 e t w lfrbOXe `f1iwalforrivrd;i i i erqto theeposition, shown" "l in Fig. ,13,1so that 1when i the1`thinbier-boxisi` ige-in carried, backward, was, happens before thekey eenjbewithdrewn,the han en I,ngeson f theendsfof the tlnblers and holdsthemback p Vwhilethe .boziG 'moveson,..therehyfsliding the A the f olit-oifor closing Athe 1.key-hole. `It consists, as shown'j in. Figs. 2,3, 11,712, &c.,`si1nplyof `plnte,`I, piyotediin' af slot `in thejbarrel in `snch manner thttlitsfend een beswung across i the key-holethefinstent` that thetnmblers" commencemoving beckwnrdpfrom thekey to-` the look while theibolt is' mov-ing,and vpre-1 l l `Venting the ,feeling orlrnoyinofithe ,tninbllers or` other Aparte i at elly time I:when a pressure e 1@ can be brought upon them to guide the operator in adjusting them. i

' It is obvious that the cut-off plate may be arranged to slide instead of swing, as shown.

Having thus describedmy invention, what I claim is 1. The combination of the sliding bolt D, provided with the notch o and grooves e, and the rotary barrel C, provided Withthe stud b and rib d, substantially as shown.

2. In combination .with the rotary barrel C,

' having the sliding box of tumblers mounted therein, the sliding restoring-bar H. operated by the cams on the interior of the tiXel shell or sleeve B,-as shown.

3. In combination with the rotary barrel C, and the tumblers mounted therein, the out-ofi' plate I, and-the xed shell B, provided With cams or inolines for operating the saine.

HENRY S. SHEPARDSON.

Witnesses l FRANCIS R. PRATT, TIMOTHY CRONAN. 

